Analysing Relative Risks during Different Stages of Carcinogenesis Causing Growth of a Tumor
Shishir Kumar Jha
Abstract
Cancer is a life-threatening disease which is uncontrollable at later stages. Carcinogenesis is a multistage random
process. Cell proliferation and differentiation (birth and death process) of Normal stem cells and Initiated cells are
major points of carcinogenesis. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of raising the probability of
primary proliferation from normal to normal and initiated cells by mutation. And, also the probability of secondary
proliferation from initiated cells to initiated and tumor cells by mutation on hazard rates, affecting the time of
growth of a tumor. The resultant Relative Risks manifest the effectiveness of treatment during the early stage of
cancer than that of the same in the advanced stage, when the birth rate of Initiated cells is greater than the death rate
of the Initiated cells. It can be achieved by reducing the hazard rate at early stage, which results in postponing the
date of appearance of a tumor. An attempt has been made to analyse the situation when the birth rate of Initiated
cells is less than the death rate of Initiated cells.
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